| Checklist of the Collembola: Key to the species of Sminthurus from the Palaearctic region |
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This key is still under construction. Note that missing figures will be provided as soon as possible. Currently, the key is in the feasibility study phase to find out how to integrate in the checklist in a modular way a key that has been generated with DELTA.
Gerhard Bretfeld,
Raiffeisenstr. 7B, 24242 Felde, Germany
Frans Janssens,
Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, B-2020, Belgium
1(0). Fourth antennal segment with 27 - 30 subsegments... variegatus
Fourth antennal segment with at most 25 subsegments......... 2
2(1). Mucro with both posterior edges smooth...................... 3
Mucro with one or both posterior edges not smooth, but wavy,
notched or denticulate................................... 21
3(2). Mucronal seta missing....................................... 4
Mucronal seta present....................................... 8
4(3). Pseudonychia of claws less then half the claw or missing.... 5
Pseudonychia of claws longer then half the claw............. 7
5(4). Fourth antennal segment with 17 subsegments................. 6
Fourth antennal segment with 21 subsegments......... wahlgreni
6(5). Claws broad; third claw with distinct inner tooth...... wutaii
Claws slender; third claw with weak inner tooth........ stachi
7(4). Claws with tunica; third subcoxa with 1 + 1 setae; ventral
tube with 2 + 2 setae............................ bourgeoisi 1
Claws without or with small tunica; third subcoxa with 2 + 2
setae; ventral tube with 1 + 1 setae......... multipunctatus 2
8(3). Body colour not with dorsal dark band or dorsal dark spots.. 9
Body colour with dorsal dark band or dorsal dark spots..... 20
9(8). Body not only with small violet spots...................... 10
Body only with small violet spots............. rubidipunctatus
10(9). Fifth abdominal segment with 1 + 1 setae above bothriotrichia
D + D.................................................... 11
Fifth abdominal segment with 2 + 2 setae above bothriotrichia
D + D.................................................... 17
11(10). Third subcoxa with 1 short, distal seta.................... 12
Third subcoxa with 2 setae................................. 14
12(11). Fifth abdominal segment with dark cross stripes; postantennal
setae short...................................... orientalis
Fifth abdominal segment without dark cross stripes;
postantennal setae long.................................. 13
13(12). Third tibiotarsus row p with 7 setae; ventral tube with 1 + 1
setae............................................... viridis
Third tibiotarsus row p with 8 setae; ventral tube with 2 + 2
setae............................................ bourgeoisi
14(11). Tibiotarsi inner setae acuminate........................... 15
Tibiotarsi inner setae blunt......................... nigrinus
15(14). Fifth abdominal segment with dark cross stripes; postantennal
setae short...................................... orientalis 3
Fifth abdominal segment without cross stripes; postantennal
setae long............................................... 16
16(15). Appendices anales long; ventral tube with 2 + 2 setae.........
............................................ nigromaculatus 8
Appendices anales short; ventral tube with 1 + 1 setae........
............................................ multipunctatus
17(10). Third tibiotarsus with all inner setae long, thick and
acuminate................................................ 18
Third tibiotarsus with some inner setae long, stout, rough and
abruptly pointed................................. pardalinus
18(17). Fifth abdominal segment with setae A1 longer then A2; ventral
tube with 1 + 1 setae............................ hispanicus
Fifth abdominal segment with setae A1 shorter then A2; ventral
tube with 2 + 2 setae.................................... 19
19(18). Third subcoxa with 1 + 1 setae; third tibiotarsus row p with 7
setae.......................................... leucomelanus
Third subcoxa with 2 + 2 setae; third tibiotarsus row p with 8
setae........................................ osmeryzskensis
20(8). Dorsal side of head and abdomen with dark band...... maculatus
Dorsal side of head and abdomen without dark band, only sixth
abdominal segment with 3 dark spots............. bozoulensis
21(2). Mucronal seta missing...................................... 22
Mucronal seta present...................................... 23
22(21). Claws broad; fifth abdominal segment with setae A1 rough and
shorter than A2; postantennal setae short and slender.......
.................................................. montanus
Claws slender; fifth abdominal segment with setae A1 smooth
and longer than A2; postantennal setae short and broad......
................................................ muscicolus
23(21). Body with small blue spots.......................... coeruleus
Body without small blue spots.............................. 24
24(23). Fifth abdominal segment with dark cross stripes...............
................................................ orientalis 4
Fifth abdominal segment without dark cross stripes......... 25
25(24). Mucro with few notches........................ primorskiyensis
Mucro with one or both posterior edges with many teeth..... 26
26(25). Mucronal seta as long as mucro............................. 27
Mucronal seta shorter than mucro........................... 28
27(26). Dens with 3, 2, 2 distal anterior setae; large abdomen brown
mottled with black; ratio of dens : mucro 5............ abei
Dens with 3, 3, 3 distal anterior setae; large abdomen with
several dark, narrow longitudinal stripes; ratio of dens :
mucro 3.5........................................ serrulatus
28(26). Ratio of dens : mucro less than 3.......................... 29
Ratio of dens : mucro more than 3.......................... 30
29(28). Large abdomen laterally with 1 pair of large dark spots;
pseudonychia of claws short and smooth........... cogsonzavi
Large abdomen yellow with violet tints; pseudonychia of claws
toothed................................... serratomucronatus
30(28). Dens with 3, 2, 2 distal anterior setae; fourth antennal
segment with 17 subsegments; large abdomen with 1 pair of
violet, longitudinal bands........................ ghilarovi
Dens with 3, 3, 3 distal anterior setae; fourth antennal
segment with 22 subsegments; large abdomen on posterior part
dark pigment................................... denticulatus
Endnotes
1 The species S. bourgeoisi appears in the key twice as some of its characteristics vary.
2 The species S. multipunctatus appears in the key twice as some of its characteristics vary.
3 The species S. orientalis appears in the key three times as some of its characteristics vary.
4 The species S. orientalis appears in the key three times as some of its characteristics vary.
5 Not included in this key are six doubtful species, the data of which are listed in Bretfeld (1999).
6 Also not included is Sminthurus melanonotus Uchida, 1938, which species belongs to another genus (postantennal setae missing, long body setae with tip cut and toothed, dens with 2 knobbed posterior setae).
7 The Sminthurus species with spatulated or clavate tibiotarsal setae are now included in the new genus Janusius.
8 In the systematics S. nigromaculatus is considered as an eco-variant of S. viridis.